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1989 Moscow Peace Festival, aka the Soviet Woodstock. A two-day concert of (mostly) hard rock/heavy metal acts that were extremely popular in the former USSR (Ozzy, Scorpions, Skid Row, Cinderella + a non-metal but still hairy Bon Jovi), on top of several Soviet acts. Staged at the 100,000 seat Luzhniki Stadium (then officially called the Lenin Stadium). An unofficial end to the era of Soviet communism.
. “In 2020, we look back and are like: ‘Of course the Berlin Wall was going to fall, of course the Soviet Union was going to collapse,’” he says. “But people in the CIA at the time didn’t take that for granted at all. There was a sense that the Soviet Union was going to last for ever, and the CIA needed to do everything they could to undermine that.”
This meant using every weapon within its arsenal – including that most American of cultural exports: heavy rock. “Soviet officials had long been nervous over the free expression that rock stood for, and how it might affect the Soviet youth,” Keefe says. “The CIA saw rock music as a cultural weapon in the cold war. Wind of Change was released a year after the fall of the Berlin Wall, and became this anthem for the end of communism and reunification of Germany. It had this soft-power message that the intelligence service wanted to promote.”
Ah, the 1980's.