The Screenwriting Process: Where to begin, and how to proceed.

What a wonderful idea for a thread! Without a great story you have nothing to shoot or animate. And if you do not know how to juggle plot, character and theme effortlessly in a visual story you are shooting in the dark!

How I use to write: I have 1000’s of short stories in lots of notebooks and five unfinished novels in various states, along with several screenplays some of which are finished. I would start out with a story based on a cool idea about a character in a place doing something original and interesting. I would spend too much time and writing energy explaining how things looked, and how the character felt which was not visual enough. Occasionally there would be some type of plot goal or conflict or antagonist, but not often and rarely all three. I did not know how to use a hidden theme yet so there was no deeper meaning just a bunch of emotions shifting and strange things happening to keep the story going.

I would write until something happened or until I ran out of steam then try to pull it all together for an ending that did not really work since it was tacked on after the initial story was written. Later during rewrites I would try to excavate the best parts of the short story into something longer. This would be hard to do since the whole story basically wandered looking for a plot, and to try and stick one in later in was like trying to replace parts of a suspension bridge without the whole thing snapping apart. I would write and write and write then forgot what I had written later. Every time I wanted to work on that story again, I would need to sit down and reread everything which would then make me too tired to fix it since it seemed so complicated and I did not really know how to fix everything. I thought I knew what I was doing but could tell things were off in places and missing. I found it very hard to keep track of all the little details that add up to carefully constructed plot. Rewrites were very painful and difficult because I still did not understand things like 40 plot points for a feature, theme, suspense, ticking clocks, the importance of plot goals and a scary antagonist and 1000 other things I still had to learn.

How I write now: After teaching over 4000 graduate 3D animation students how to write a short animated script in 15 weeks, and writing 3 books on the subject, plus a 20 hour DVD workshop I now write completely different.

1) I still start with a spark of a cool idea usually with a character in a situation and make sure the opening hook is really original, strong and interesting. I see the story as a movie unfolding in my head and make sure it is one I would want to see. After watching Avatar I often see the movies now in 3D and add a Z plane.

2) After the first sentence my mind starts asking key story questions automatically: “What is the main character’s plot goal? Who is trying to stop them and why? What is the theme or hidden message I am trying to communicate on a deeper level, and how can I do it visually using metaphors and symbols? What kinds of sudden twists or shocks can I include for suspense? What is the conflict for the main character and the plot? What are the metaphors and symbols that will repeat and change to tell the theme and story visually? How can I show don’t tell more without using much dialogue and more action and events? When a character does speak how can they have a unique voice? What type of genre story am I telling and what is the plot structure (Hero Journey, Tragedy, Postmodern, City Symphony, Ensemble or combo)? What are the setups and payoffs that link together for the plot goal? How do I make sure every character is one the audience will love with lots of character identification? How does the story end with a big unexpected twist?”

3) If the story is looking really good and something I may want to turn into a feature or novel, I will do a 40 plot point outline fast with one sentence for each one. Then I do paragraphs for each one and really work on the plot structure with goals and setups and twists linking together. Each plot point gets a really cool unique symbolic setting, color, emotional mood and time of day.

4) I then start writing the 40 scenes of the story asking these types of questions: “What is the subtext of each scene (hidden emotions beneath the surface)? How many scene reversals can I include (unexpected scene twists and turns)? What is the emotional arc of each scene and how many strong emotions can I pack into the scene in + - + - - + + type structure (starts happy gets really sad, joyful then big death moment)? What is the plot goal and conflict of each scene? How can I use all four basic types of conflict in each scene (inner, social, environmental and personal)? Where is the antagonist and how can I make them scary and cut back and forth to them coming after my lead character? How many ticking clocks can I add to each scene? What are the main character's basic trait sets? How do I link each scene together in an interesting way?...” I then create a one page scene worksheet for each plot point that answers these questions to organize the structure.

5) If I am having fun with the story, I will write a short story for each plot point keeping in mind all of the above then rewrite it in screenplay format later. I generally do one plot point a day using the scene worksheet for that one in the morning and write about 3 pages. In 40 days the story is done.

6) Rewrites are more of a fine tuning process now instead of a nightmare since the story is already in place and does not need a lot of fixing. Sometimes new ideas come up while writing that are easy to incorporate since the basic structure is sound.

There are over 30 free YouTube videos including ones on 40 plot points for a feature film, 15 plot points for a Hero Journey and ones on pretty much everything I mention above at YouTube.com/MyFlik1 or MyFlik.com if you want more information on how I do story structure. Everyone has their own process, like everyone says so you need to find one that works well for you. Good luck with your stories!

(I forgot I posted earlier on this thread and wanted to answer the question a little better.)
 
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Linda Seger and others talk about the two big plot TURNING POINTS, the foundation of the story's structure. These two divide the film into the three acts. The first Turning Point or twist is what changes the protagonist's world such that he can't go back after this point (Like NEO learning about The Matrix, taking the correct pill).

From that point on, you are in Act Two. The situation has changed radically and carried the audience along into this new situation (piquing their curiosity and giving them a lot of hope that this is actually going somewhere), somewhere they have hopefully never been before. Act Two is crucial for carrying your movie. This is the escalation, the struggle, the war ... most of it.

The second Turning Point is a little more dicey, and I often get hazy about which event truly ushers in the final resolution. This is where Act Two become Act Three. That event is pivotal, and it changes the situation again. It is often a reversal, where the hero gets captured, for example, or his love interest does and he finds out about it. He is summoned by the villain for a final confrontation. But, that's just one particular kind of story, and I wouldn't presume to limit the storytelling to this type of plot device.

Often lots of subplots have opened up. Act Two has complicated the world, and the journey of the protagonist. Act Three tends to re-focus on the initial story question, the initial injustice, the original intractable problem. It will reference things from Act One, hopefully. Something is going to have to be resolved.

Anyway, I never start writing without a clear idea of the acts, and how they are different from one another. Then comes theme.

Some interesting links.

Plot Point

Screenwriting

Save the Cat Strikes Back (free peek)
 
Just write. lol

Just write. lol

I get a movie in my mind and I start writing from Fade In. I use no outlines or anything. I go from scene to scene because the whole movie is playing in my mind. This may not be the best way because I have yet to sell one of my screenplays. LOL

I have researched the art and I feel like using any other method clouds the judgement of the movie I see in my mind. I sent a first draft into the Page awards last year and made it to the Quarterfinals. :) We will see what my final draft brings this year. LOL

Good luck in any form you choose because it is ultimately up to the writer.

I can tell you 20 years ago I started truck driving and I was a Natural. I drove perfectly. But when I actually learned the rules and regulations and I studied for my CDL test...my Natural ability diminished and I was not perfect anymore, grinding gears and hitting curbs. LOL

Just an example of how rules and regulations cloud the mind from the intended ART!
 
I use Celtx

Idea straight into outlines broken into scenes then write a sentence for each index card and expand it into a paragraph, as a whole it becomes a treatment....then add dailogues to it...first draft is ready...rewrite it again.....
 
The only thing I've ever done is, first (generally by hand), draw out the general movement of the acts and major incidents: inciting, Act I TP, MP, Act II TP, etc. Once I get that general outline, I convert that to an outline in Word. And I don't mean an official outline—I, A, 1, a, indents and all. I mean

1)
2)
3) ...

I'll separate my major events by 10 steps or so and begin to fill in the blanks as I develop the sequences and scenes within them. (Incidentally, thinking of your script in terms of sequences—Indy pursuing the idol in S.A., being told about the Ark, going to see Marion, etc.—can make the script much easier to block out and visualize.)

I keep all my notes, from whatever source, in a manila folder together—sometimes grouped by act, if I know to what and where they pertain—as I get them typed into a Word file so I have them all together. Then as I create the official outline, I'll have both files open so I can include my notes at what seem to be the appropriate spots. It's a very loose process, because it almost has to be. But at least your notes are then in one place, and easily transferred to your official outline.

That said, what I'm doing with a page-one rewrite of my first script is to break it down according to McDonald's seven steps: Once upon a time / Until one day / And because of that / etc.

It sounds simplistic, but it's a marvel how much it concentrates the mind on the most important movements. It's helping me flesh out the structure of my script much more quickly than in the past.

That's what works for me. I view it like a funnel, into which I pour all these random thoughts and notes and slowly create order. The basic process has helped me complete three feature-length scripts in three different genres.

But the most important part of the whole process is learning the questions that help you generate and organize the material. For that there's the "What three screenwriting books?" thread.
 
i think it is so interesting that we all have different methods of approaching a story... Personally, I love to just write in a notebook. As freely as possible about my story, After about a week of that i have a pretty good feel about what i am trying to achieve.... good luck to everyone with your scripts
 
Screenplay contest of 80s

Screenplay contest of 80s

Hi all,

This thread is awesome for screen writers. I am pretty impressed and strongly feel that the audience of this thread should know about our contest.

I am Jenny Jones, the Director of Outreach for Scripped.com.

We're running an 80s-themed short screenplay contest, and we are actually producing the winner's work.

You can enter here: http://scripped.com/contests/eighties. Email me if you have any questions - I'm at jenny@scripped.com.

Thanks!
 
Nobody takes into consideration camera work? Do you for example write in what viewers will see and what they wont see until for example very end of the movie so they dont know if someone survived or not because of camera work and editing wont showing everything.
This is very imporant IMO.
 
Write only what they DO see, simple as that. Getting any more specific with descriptions of camera work in the script is usually a mistake.
 
Write only what they DO see, simple as that. Getting any more specific with descriptions of camera work in the script is usually a mistake.

This is exactly right, and to tee off further from this, I've found it helpful to consider how to tell my story in strictly visual terms, sans dialogue. Film is obviously primarily a visual medium, and while I love dialogue perhaps more than I should, approaching your story this way helps reduce it to the bare necessities in terms of how you advance your story. It doesn't mean you aim to drive a scene with no dialogue, only figure out how to use as little exposition as possible.

While I'm at it, this exercise reminds me of another mental exercise/visualization I've found helpful. I'm a firm believer that every scene needs to be doing something in terms of advancing some plot line. I picture each scene having knobs which control each plot line. Each scene can turn one or more knobs to advance the story. If you can't easily see how a plot line's knob is being turned in a scene, it's either too vague, or the scene as a whole is deadweight and needs tossing.
 
Once a story pops into my head I immediately write it down on celtx already in the right format, just so I won't lose it. Doesn't matter if its the beginning, the middle or the end. This is the time where I'm usually so amped up that all I could think of is to write and try to catch up with the ideas in my head. A couple of pages after this, I slowly loose steam and stop. I'll re-read whatever I wrote and start dissecting: what if this scene goes here, character could say this, etc etc. Then I would start my notes, copying down stuff for research, putting stuff in bullet points so it would quicker and easier to read. These bullets would end up to be the other scenes or parts of dialogue. After this I'll start again with the script.

I find this to be an efficient way for me to write the first draft. It may seem like I have a lot of confidence in myself, but I find it that not thinking twice about it too much and just letting it flow really helpful. I could always clean it up in the 2nd draft.
 
These days I no longer do outlines, use index cards, etc. I just start at the beginning and see where I end up. I actually find it very exciting. Found out recently Pinter worked that way as well. This way I really do go on the same adventure as the viewer. It's less manipulative, more organic - writing out of feelings and the unconscious. No agenda. More myserteous. I no longer feel the writer's hand on the back of my neck.
 
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