Tangentially, I was reminded of an interview with Polanski, it was extra material on the Repulsion or Knife in the Water DVD, can't remember which, where he said that he always has an idea of what he wants to shoot, but keeps a very keen eye on where the actor or situation takes him. So for example, he may have had one idea of how to frame something, but then the actor does something or the situation suddenly prompts Polanski to change up what he was going to do, because it's more organic with the developing scene. This is in contrast with a director like Kubrick, who has a carefully planned and predetermined idea about framing/blocking and then simply tries - even if it lasts 50 takes - until he gets his pre-planned vision on film. Come to think of it, I wonder if James has that feeling of "a bit bored when every shot is the best shot and every scene is the best scene" in a Kubrick film, like Clockwork Orange where it's a very deliberate approach. At the other extreme, there are those directors who believe in the free-flow organic spontaneous so much that they barely plan any shots at all, and just improvise everything on the spot - sometimes the results are great, but often miss. I like the Polanski in-between approach, where you plan and know what you want but are always open to change up if the situation dictates it. I also think it might - perhaps - have something to do with how the director sees actors. Polanski started out as a child actor, and continued to act both in his own films and others, and also on stage, so he was pretty attuned to what an actor is doing. Altman was famously actor-centric, and he'd allow the actors pretty big improv range, and would accommodate that in shooting. By contrast, Hitchcock had a very utilitarian view of actors, to him they were almost props to be placed and he was far more interested in how the camera and editing shaped the viewer experience. It all works, as long as you got a great artist working, so any style can be successful.