What does stop down mean?

Stop down is when you close the blender (aperture, iris, whatever) to prevent the image from overexposing.

You simply turn the iris-wheel up or down.
 
As Pettersen said, stopping down is closing the iris more do reduce the amount of light getting to the film or light sensor (CCDs). Strangely, though one "stops down" a lens, no one seems to "stop up" the aperture-- they open it, or open it a stop. The f-stop is an indicator of the amount of opening, and the higher the f-stop, the smaller the opening. see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-stop
 
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