Oktava

Ok, Im looking at purchasing the Oktava MK012 but I'm really new to sound. My question is, what does hyper cardiod mean and what does it do for the mic?
 
in simple words is a kind of narrow lens if you compeer it to the optics.
the hyper cardioid pattern give you more sound which comes from the front then from the side, so you actually get what you want to get and not what you dont .
for your second question is exactly what the lens do for film /ccd - it brings it in :-)
 
Hyper-cardioid is a description of the pickup pattern (or polar pattern).

with a directional mic (super, hyper cardioids etc) you don't 'get' more sound from the front than a non directional (onmi), rather you reject more sound from the sides.
a common misconception is that directional mics are somehow bionic and can pick up sound from further away than non-directional mics. this of course is silly.

look up polar patterns on google and you should yeild a good crop of mic pick up patterns.

eg.
http://www.crownaudio.com/mic_web/tips/mictip2.htm
 
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