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While edible mushrooms contribute greatly to the enjoyment of our favorite foods, they also have significant nutritional value, the specifics of which vary by species. They are rich in vitamins A, B, C and D, as well as protein, iron and copper, but very low in fat and carbohydrates - under 100 calories per pound.
Unfortunately, there is still no easy way to distinguish a good edible wild mushroom from a bad one. Only through the process of trial and error have humans determined which mushrooms may kill and which are safe to eat.
Mycology is the relatively new and challenging natural science dealing with fungi, about which there is still much to be discovered. With over 100,000 species of fungi in the world, of which perhaps 5,000 grow in the southern United States, even the most knowledgeable mycologist cannot know them all.
As a result, no wild mushroom should ever be eaten without positive identification by a competent expert in the field - one who is familiar with the local species. All too many choice mushrooms have look-alikes that are poisonous. Although most inedible wild mushrooms simply taste unpleasant, bitter or acrid, some may cause serious gastrointestinal disstress, while a few result in serious damage to vital organs and death.
National Poison Centers in the United States receive about 20,000 calls for help each year involving potential mushroom poisoning; typically from anxious mothers whose child has ingested a yard mushroom. Some experience an upset stomach, but only one or two people die each year, usually as a result of a poisonous mushroom being mistaken for an edible one. The golden rule for people who pick wild mushrooms is "When in doubt, throw it out." You eat a deadly species only once - you get no second chance.
Just flappin' my mouth... don't mind me... and once again... do NOT eat wild mushrooms! Take 'em back to the lab for crap's sake!