Coverage, Blocking, Cuts and JAWS

J.R. Hudson

Spirit Animal
I have seen some threads regarding coverage and blocking and started thinking deep thoughts about it; I wanted to grab a scene from a movie we all know and love and I wanted something somewhat contemporary and driven by dialog; I wanted to see how the master spielberg blocked the following scene at the ripe old age of 26; the bastard.

Yes, this is part of John's learning; I am the junkie. I figure someone might bene from this besides me and feel free to comment or add your own insight.

First a segment from the script followed by a detailed shot for shot board. Read this scene and think in your head how you would block and cut this:

INT. - MORGUE - DAY 90


The Amity Morgue is also the Amity Funeral Home, a Victorian​
house that normally serves as the community's mortuary. The
Coroner, a professional small-town GP, is standing by as
Hooper is speaking into a sophisticated cassette recorder
with a headpiece that leaves his hands free for measurement
with a calibrator or calipers.


BRODY​
Let's show Mr. Hooper our accident.​

With a shrug, the Coroner slides open the drawer.​

91 CLOSE ON HOOPER 91

He is looking down as the drawer slides past him, still
matter-of-fact, turning on his recorder.


HOOPER​
Victim One, identified as Christine​
Watkins, female caucasian....​


The sheet has just been lifted, and Hooper stares down at the
lump on the slab. He stops, turns off his recorder as
emotions wage war with his senses. Rationality wins, and
he turns on the recorder again.


HOOPER​
...height and weight may only be​
estimated from partial remains.​
Torso severed in mid-thorax,​
eviscerated with no major organs​
remaining. May I have a drink of​
water? Right arm severed above​
the elbow with massive tissue loss​
from upper musculature. Portions​
of denuded bone remaining.​




(tense, to Brody)​
​

-- did you notify the coast guard?​
​


​
​
BRODY​
No, it was local jurisdiction.​
​




HOOPER​
Left arm, head, shoulders, sternum​
and portions of ribcage intact.​
(to Brody)​
Please don't smoke. With minor​
post-mortem lacerations and abrasions.​
Bite marks indicate typical non-​
frenzy feeding pattern of large​
squali, possibly carchaninus lonimanus,​
or isurus glaucas. Gross tissue​
loss and post-mortem erosion of bite​
surfaces prevent detailed analysis;​
however, teeth and jaws of the​
attacking squali must be considered​
above average for these waters.​

​

(to Brody again)​

​
-- Did you go out in a boat and​
look around?​
​



BRODY​
No, we just checked the beach....​
​



HOOPER​
(turns off the recorder)​
It wasn't an 'accident,' it wasn't​
a boat propeller, or a coral reef,​
or Jack the Ripper. It was a shark.​
​

Groups of shots bordered by RED indicate each shot is an individual cut. Note the Set ups used.

jaws0ur.jpg





I count EIGHT setups. A setup is everytime a camera is moved, a lens is changed and I think even a change in framing and comp (someone correct me on that one?).

Look at the MED and C.U. of Brody and the Coroner as the scene plays out; they come from the same identical angle as previous set-ups except the framing has changed; ZOOMING IN. Notice the Tighter framing adds tension and drama as Dreyfuss leads up to "It's a Shark!"

I only counted one DOLLY shot and it is of the SEVERED HAND. A sleight move to the right and a subtle push.

I count 12 CUTS; and the Spielberg cleverly changes compositons without cutting by having Dreyfuss cross the line, not once, but two times.

Notice when the Cornoer moves behind Dreyfuss in the second frame? This makes for a much more interesting composition as they cut to a reverse.

Notice how the BRODY cuts bring him closer to the resolution while the Coroner starts far and then comes closer but by the end he is farther away? Almost dejected?

Okay; hopefully we all learned something; I'm junkying.
 
The Hudson School for Directors. :thumbsup: Excellent work, laying out that scene for us. You should do one of these every month for discussion. I think the positioning of the lamp is interesting (the surrogate for the body?). At the end of the scene, the Dreyfus character is bent over with his head under the lamp--pointing to the fact he's firmly placed himself in the scenario from this point on.
 
So, John, where should I send my scripts to get you to do full breakdown/blocking for me? :laugh:


J/K This is great stuff...I like things like this that make you think. I have often thought of printing out a major motion picture script and then making these kinds of notes on it while watching the film. What better way to learn then to study what makes existing films work.

Thanks.
 
Every month? Hudson is no slacker! I think he should do one every day! :)


Great work John. There are so many things about this craft to learn, and the more you break it down, the more it can make sense.
 
I find the shadows interesting, indicating where they lit from, ie, not from above or "motivated" by the window...

Great work John. I think we should all do one of these.
 
Thanks guys; this is how I study sometimes; by breaking down scenes and examining them. I'm considering shooting this scene shot for shot; the one frame of the 2 shot that I make mention of being an odd choice? I'm thinking of reshooting it shot for shot but alos doing an alternate shot selection on that; perhaps having Brody step around Dreyfuss and then cut to a Reverse..... Just thinkning out loud.

Barry - What I noticed for the very first time, and I have watched this so many times; is that when they bring the girl out of the 'fridge' it's just a plastic tupperware tray style bucket; the look on Dreyfuss face is priceless.

The lamp does seem to serve for more than just depth in frame; now that you mention it, it does appear to be the 'stand in' and 'symbolic' reminder of Chrissie.

My favorite part is the blocking of the Coroner moving around Dreyfuss to fetch some water; it makes the reverse shot more interesting in terms of compostion and balance; imagine it without this blocking if the Coroner just stayed put?

without6ks.jpg


Doesn't seem to have the sense of balance the other one has. If this little excericise sparks enough interest I'll consider doing this monthly.
 
To me it looks like Row 1, frames:1,2, row 3, frames 1,2,3 are the master scene takes. Where Dreyfuss crosses the line are nice extended type OTS. Set up 6 is where the camera really moves to what seems to be another intra-scene master.

Look at row 2, frame 3 and the cut to 3rd set up shot. See how the eye line hieght matches. this helps with the seemless nature of the cut. The look from Dreyfuss motivates a cut and is responded by Brody, and because of the composition it flows well.

What I like best, and Spielberg excels at this, is laying out the geography so the audience knows where everyone is at and doesn't become confused. That way the audience stays tuned in on the story and doesn't ruin their experience by spending time figuring out where characters are located. Steve helps us stay focused on the story.

Nice work John. Can't wait to hear from others & see more.
 
I thought you might dig this 10s I remember that Se7en thread you started; I might have to recruit you for future assigments. You're always digging the DIRECTING stuff!

You're absolutely correct when Dreyfuss looks at Brody - Cut to Reverse - it motivates the cut. This is why I'm diggin this; we can break it down and try and see what we read into it and what works and what might not be working for us; again that 2 shot is just off to me; too similar as the previous
 
John,

I'm reading a book called "The Eye Is Quicker", it's about editing, but it's very applicable to what we are talking about here. If you haven't read it, you should.

Matt
 
MattC , that's an interesting book. I have yet to finsih it but i fish through it and his observations on blur for cuttiing are really interesting. I'll have to pick it up again now that you mention it and really read it! :undecided


John Hudson, what you have going here is the most interesting thing here on the board for me because it's about the craft rather than just a tool focus. Tools are great but knowing how to use them is even better. This is where the real difference is made.

Spielberg is pretty good...he started full time directing television at age 19!!!! and when he grew up his parents didn't want him to watch TV, so he was the deprived kid on the block with the wierd parents!

This is the direction the board needs to head to make it even better. It's also much more difficult to talk about in an asychronous environment...but you've done a nice job. :thumbsup:
 
You nailed it right there;

the techincal babble of Sd, HD, SDI and blah blah blah is numbing to the skull; not very interesting to me personally and can take the fun out of this art form. I wonder if Painters sit around discusiing the endless meritsof sable haired brushes or the ratio of terentine to the oil.

I agree; The board of late has really turned towrds a sort of techno babble whereas I'd rather take it into the art and craft of filmmaking.

I'm with you. Maybe we can start concentrating on this element?
 
Well considering I don't own the main technology that this board is dedicated to, the more threads like this the better, as far as I'm concerned!
 
Totally man! What good is all of this techno if we dont understand the basics? Speilberg could take a VHS camcorder and blow us out of the water even if we used an Arri535
 
Nice work John! I love seeing breakdowns like this. I'd guess it took at least a senior, maybe a tener, to get that shadow behind Brody when he is next to that window, which is blown out. Odd color balance too - seemingly no practical fixtures to justify the green hue on one side of the room. The MEDICAL EXAMINER, on the other hand, is subdued in dim indirect "daylight". Definitely infers that he knows he's botched the exam. Interesting.

Somehow missing from this early Spielberg effort was the ubiquitous haze that became a visual mainstay in his later projects.

In E.T., I always wonder how they could allow the crew to smoke on the set all the time. Those kitchen scenes look like something out of an R.J. Reynolds convention. For a long time, Spielberg and his man-pal Allen Daviau used smoke, smoke and more smoke in his pictures. Must've had some stock in the fogger business somewhere.

EXT. - JUNGLE - DAY

The weight of the humid, steaming rainforest weighs down on the travelers as their machetes work through the choking undergrowth.

INT. - ROADSIDE MART - DAY

The hotdog machine CHURNS and SMOKES in the corner of Marty's Convenience Shop, a cramped clearinghouse for snacks and cheap beer. MARTY, an old-timer with days of stubble on his face, watches his customers over the top of his newspaper through thick black-rimmed glasses.

MARTY
You can't smoke in here!

CLOVIS
I ain't smoking old timer, your
machine is on fire.

MARTY
(grumbling)
Damn pothead hippies...

INT. - TROOP BARRACKS - MORNING

One SOLDIER sits on his footlocker in the empty hall. Fog rolls in through the open bayou shutters, but the chill air doesn't seem to bother this man...

Daviau was once quoted as saying, "Steven told me he didn’t want the audience to see ET too clearly..." Well, no danger of that with that inversion layer in Dee Wallace's kitchen - I mean, what the hell was she burning in there?

I think he finally "quit" around the time he started working with Kaminski, though he is on a very strong patch to help curb the addiction.

Back on edits, I have always liked deciphering Michael Kahn's work in Raiders of the Lost Ark. Has anyone else found the jump cut in that otherwise perfect film?

Good work again John, I'd like to see more of this if you can indulge us with your efforts.

e
 
Thanks for participating Overland.

Jump cut in Raiders? Tell me! And, perhaps I'll do a RAIDERS scene study next?
 
Thanks John, always glad to contribute something of substance. Usually, I bring it in a very small bag.

Here are some clues to find the bad edit:

- this location is cold
- someone in this scene, who shall remain nameless, Spielberg once referred to as a terrible actress
- the set, as usual, is full of smoke (before a full-on fire breaks out)
- there is no monkey in this scene
- an actress (who Spielberg once referred to as "terrible") has just hit an actor who lives in Montana and flies around saving hapless tree-huggers all the time (well, once anyway)

Now, go get the DVD out and find it!
 
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